AN EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS EXAMINING MANDARIN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (MFL) LEARNERS’ SELF-EFFICACY AT MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES

Background and Purpose: Self-efficacy is one of the aspects human behaviours related to performance in social cognitive theory. It has been studied sciences, education, languages. There are a variety self-efficacy scales available English French languages test one’s self-belief their ability learn target language. To date, no scale catered unique characteristics Mandarin as foreign or third language (MFL). The objective this study give practical recommendations on creating valid instruments MFL making judgments factor extraction, rotation, labelling based literature.
 
 Methodology: This quantitative gathered information through an administration survey. multipart survey consists demographic section distributed learners Malaysian public universities. Data were collected randomly from 614 participants studying at three different levels. Items for examined using SPSS version 25.0 software.
 Findings: final 13 items reduced four factors with total variance 68.99%. Promax rotation matrices revealed presence simple four-factor structure, exhibiting degree strong loadings. Speaking, Listening, Reading, Writing.
 Contributions: research provides learning. skill-based Scale could contribute teaching literature context. Additionally, proposes future investigations which involve learning more emphasis Chinese Characters.
 Keywords: language, self-efficacy, exploratory analysis, non-native speaker, development.
 Cite as: YanJu, S., Yusuf, M., YanMei, & Abdullah, H. (2023). An analysis examining (MFL) learners’ Journal Nusantara Studies, 8(2), 425-440. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol8iss2pp425-440